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Professor Pradeep Prasad MD, Los Angeles vitreoretinal surgeon, shares tips and techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery. All Content © 2025 RetinaRounds™

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Category: Macular hole

174. Macular hole closure with PRGF Membrane

Traditionally macular hole closure has a high success rate with vitrectomy, ILM peeling and gas implantation.  ILM peeling, however, does … More

macular hole, plasma rich in growth factors

148. ILM Staining with ICG

Indocyanine green (ICG) effectively stains the ILM, thereby facilitating visualization and potentially improving surgical efficiency.  While ICG can be a … More

ILM staining, Indocyanine green, macular hole

147. Epiretinal Proliferation

While typically associated with lamellar macular holes, full thickness macular holes can also be associated with epiretinal proliferation. Epiretinal proliferation … More

epimacular proliferation, full-thickness macular hole, ilm peeling

139. Giant Macular Hole

Giant macular holes, defined as holes with a minimum linear diameter of greater than 1000 microns, are a subset of … More

Amniotic membrane sandwich technique, traumatic macular hole

126. Failed Macular Hole Closure

Small to medium sized macular holes have a very high success rate with vitrectomy and ILM peeling.  But what are … More

Flex loop, intraoperative OCT, Macular stretching, Submacular bleb

122. Inverted ILM Flap: Cover or Fill the Macular Hole?

Creation of ILM flaps, as opposed to conventional ILM peeling, has been shown to increase the rate of large macular … More

double rhexis technique, ilm flaps, large macular hole

118. ILM Peeling: Maculorhexis

ILM peeling, in some ways, is similar to creating a capsulorhexis. Both ILM peeling and capsulorhexis creation involve peeling a … More

inverted ilm flap, macular hole, maculorhexis

102. Macular Hole Closure under PFCL

Traditionally macular hole closure can be achieved with ILM peeling, gas tamponade and head positioning.  ILM flaps and other techniques, … More

85. To operate or not to operate?

This patient has a history of advanced diabetic retinopathy with poor vision in both eyes.  This left eye has undergone … More

macular hole, OCT

55. OCT Guidance for Macular Hole Surgery

In this case, presented by guest surgeon Dr. Erick Quiroz from Mexico City, we will show you how pre-operative and … More

ilm peeling, intraoperative OCT, macular hole, OCT, OCT parameters

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